Water-repellent cement and process of making same.



' citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in thecounty of Essex and; State of New Jersey, have invented certain 1 UNSATS ATENT OFFICE.

CARLETON ELLIS, 0F MONTGLAIB, NEW JERSEY.

- WATER-REPELLENT CEMENT AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

. No. Drawing.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known t at I, CARLETON ELLIS, a

new and useful Improvements in Water- Repellent Cement and Processes ofMaking Same, of which the following is a speciscribed and as claimed.

In' the waterproofing of concrete by means of petroleum oil and the likeas described by Page (U. S. Patent 1,000,545) and others, it is notalways a simple matter to incorporate the water, oil and aggregate toform an uniformly mixed batch of mawith the relatively simple procedurehereinafter set forth.

In Patent No. 993,827 I have described a miscible oil containin anoil-soluble copper salt or other meta lo-organic compound of a similarcharacter, which oil when containing copper and the like mzTy be used asa spraying composition.

The present invention involves in one form, the treatment or reparationof concrete with an oil of t is description, or

miscible oils of 'the sulfite liquor type as y will be hereinafterindicated. In using a copperized or metallized oil of the type abovementioned I may mix, say, one gallon of the miscible oil with the waterusedin. tempering a barrel of Portland cement, with its usualconcomitant of sand, gravel and the like and thusform an intimatemixture of oil and water with more or less water-insoluble soap, whichreacts with the cement components in an especially effective way. Thereaction which takes place on the admixture of this oil to the cementSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 11, 19-114.

Application filed February 20, 13912. Serielflflo. (#fifafifi.

composition is peculiar. The soap or similar material which renders theoilxmisoihle with water reacts with the lime forming a calcium soap,thereby destroying the emulsifying properties of mixture and liberatingthe oil, as it were, in a very finely divided form which enables theoilto be readily incorporated throughout the mags. At the same time, themetallic soap which is present may be in part thrown out of the oilwhich further enhances the waterproofqualities of the composition:

A miscible oil which does not carry the metallo-organic compoundinsoluble in water is made from 10 parts of petroleum oil of about 30degrees Baum to 1 part of resinate of potash, 1 part of oleate ofpotash, 2 parts of heavy pine oil and 2 parts of coal tar. In place ofcoal tar, asphaltic oil or other bituminous prod-acts may be used.

In Patent No. 865,578, of Sept. 10, 1907, I have described theemu-lsificati-on of oils for the formation of solutions 0t oils withWaste sulfite liquor of the aper industry andsuch compositions may usedfor the present purpose, namely that of enabling the production of anoil emulsion suitable for mixing with the cement and aggregate. Thewaste sulfite liquor contains calcium lignosulfonate which is notprecipitated by lime, so that the addition of, this material to cementdoes" not cause the reaction referred to above. The oil is however,liberated from solution by such diLution and is thus obtained in afinely divided condition well suited for waterproofing purposes, Thesulfite liquor may be used as a binder and when the composition is usedor waterproofing a cement road bed, for example, the oil Waterproofs thecement, while the sulfite liquor serves as a binder. In using acomposition of this character it should of course be diluted with waterbefore mixing with thematerials employed for the cement mixture. Forexample, one part of sulfite liquor of a gravityof 30 degrees Baum ismixed with 1% parts ofasphaltoil. Ojn

beating these materials together for a time they apparently mix and thismaterial may be reduced with water, when the oil is precipitated in afinely divided state, giving a good emulsion. Sufiicient water is addedto the emulsion to serve for. gaging purposes and the cementconstruction prepared in this manner.

A miscible oil suitable for the purpose of the present invention may be,therefore, an Oil containing a water soluble soap precipita'ble by limeor one containing a soap unprecipitable by lime and in the former caseit is desirable to have, in addition, a mineral oil which forms a cheapand inert basis purpose of making waterproof concrete in :nanyinstances, if it carries such a homogenizing element and this inparticular is the case when Waterproofing actual cement masses.

The petroleumoil which as stated, is the preferred oily basis for amiscible oil of the character employed in the present process, may be alight oil such as spindle oil or a heavy oil such as 25% paraffin oil,or cylinder oil, red engine oil, petroleum jelly, residuum, crude waxand the like. The consistency of the composition should be preferably afluid or soft paste so that the labor involved in reducing with water isslight, but it is also possible to prepare a composition in the form ofa solid.

I have set forth briefly certain illustrative compositions, but I do notwish to be limited to the exact procedure described in using thesecompositions, but may invoke the doctrine of equivalency in so far assame may be herein applicable.

To recapitulate, my invention involves the admixtures of cement andfilling material with water and a miscible oil to produce a concretemass more or less waterpgoof by the action of the miscible oil and myinvention relates in particular to the use of a miscible oil containinga water soluble soap preferably in conjunction with a homogenizingelement. Further it should be stated that this application containsmatter disclosed in Serial No. 642,188, for road bed and process ofmaking same, wherein the method of treating concrete masses with oilrendered miscible with a body such as sulfite liquor, is set forth, andthe manner of its use for making road beds of concrete is especiallydescribed. This application does not relate to the Waterproofing ofplaster or of plaster containing some cement, which matter is describedand claimed in my co-pending case, Serial No. 652,114 of Sept. 30, 1911and Serial No. 679,447.

What I claim is,

1. The process of making a Waterproofed concrete which comprisesincorporating with concrete a modicum of a miscible oil, carryingmineral oil, an emulsifying agent, water soluble soap and waterinsoluble soap.

2. The process of making a waterproof concrete Which comprisesincorporating with cementitious material an oil-containing compositioncarrying mineral oil, a Water soluble soap in solution in saidcomposition and a Water insoluble soap incorporated therewith.

Signed at Montclair in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey this17th day of February A. D. 1912.

CARLETON ELLIS. Witnesses:

ADoLPHUs H. NEY,

NATHANIEL L. FOSTER.

